- IMSAS is an audit system by IMO to check whether each member state is properly implementing IMO convention. The aim is to improve maritime safety , security and pollution prevention
- The audit check how well the country perform its duties as Flag state , Port state and Coastal state . Audit review national laws , survey and certification system , PSC , STCW training , accident investigation and overall compliance with the IMO code
- The audit process include document review , onsite audit , findings and finally a corrective action plan which country must implement.
- IMSAS mandatory from 2016
1. High cost: Manganese bronze is a costly alloy, making it less economical for large propellers. 2. Low strength-to-weight ratio: Compared to other propeller materials like nickel-aluminum bronze or stainless steel, manganese bronze has a lower strength-to-weight ratio. 3. Susceptible to corrosion: Manganese bronze can corrode in seawater, especially when exposed to high velocities and turbulence. 4. Poor cavitation resistance: Manganese bronze is more prone to cavitation damage than other materials. 5. Difficult to cast and machine: Manganese bronze is challenging to cast and machine, making it less desirable for complex propeller geometries. 6. Limited weldability: Manganese bronze has poor weldability, making repairs and modifications difficult. Nickel-aluminum bronze or stainless steel are commonly used for propellers due to their: - High strength and durability - Excellent corrosion resistance - Good cavitation resistance - Ease of casting and machining - Weldability
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