MEOclassIIexamnotes

The shipping industry is rapidly adopting advanced technologies to improve efficiency, safety, environmental compliance, and cost reduction . 1️⃣ Decarbonization & Green Technologies 🔹 Alternative Fuels LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) Methanol Ammonia (Blue & Green) Hydrogen Biofuels 👉 Helps meet regulations under International Maritime Organization (IMO) decarbonization targets. 🔹 Carbon Capture Systems (Onboard CCS) Captures CO₂ from exhaust gases. Emerging technology for future compliance. 🔹 Wind-Assisted Propulsion Rotor sails (Flettner rotors) Wing sails Kite systems 2️⃣ Smart & Digital Shipping 🔹 Internet of Things (IoT) Real-time engine monitoring Predictive maintenance Fuel consumption analysis 🔹 Artificial Intelligence (AI) Voyage optimization Fuel efficiency prediction Condition-based monitoring 🔹 Big Data Analytics Performance analysis Weather routing Risk management 3️⃣ Autonomou...

 Apex manual is a company internal manual used to monitor , measure and improve performance of Ships Ship staff Shore management Purpose Improve safety performance Improve operational efficiency Ensure ISM compliance Track KPI and audits Promote continous improvement

Safety Management Manual Shipboard Operations Manual Emergency Response Manual Planned maintenance system Manual Risk assessment \SMS procedure Manual Document control Manual Environmental Management Manual Company manuals

 A Code of Conduct in shipping is a formal set of ethical, professional, and behavioral standards that all seafarers and shore staff must follow to ensure safety, discipline, fairness, and compliance with international regulations . It is closely linked with requirements of: International Maritime Organization International Labour Organization International Safety Management Code Maritime Labour Convention Purpose of Code of Conduct Maintain professional behavior onboard Ensure safe ship operation Promote respect, equality, and discipline Prevent harassment, abuse, corruption, and misconduct Support company SMS and MLC compliance Key Elements of a Maritime Code of Conduct 1️⃣ Professional Behaviour Follow lawful orders of Master and officers Perform duties competently and honestly Respect hierarchy and chain of command 2️⃣ Safety & Environmental Responsibility Comply with SMS, permits, and procedures Use PPE correctly Re...

Maritime Cyber Security Awareness means understanding, preventing, and responding to cyber risks that can affect ship operations, safety, and business continuity . Cyber risk management in shipping is guided by the International Maritime Organization under MSC-FAL.1/Circ.3 . Why Cyber Security Is Important in Shipping Modern ships rely on: Integrated bridge systems ECDIS & GPS Engine automation & PMS Satellite communications Cargo & ballast control systems 👉 A cyber incident can lead to: Loss of navigation control Machinery failure Collision or grounding Cargo loss Environmental pollution Common Maritime Cyber Threats Phishing emails (fake company or agent emails) Malware & ransomware USB infections Weak passwords Unsecured Wi-Fi networks GPS spoofing & AIS manipulation IMO Cyber Risk Management Requirements IMO requires cyber risk to be addressed within the ISM Code by: Identifying cyber risks ...

RightShip Inspection is a third-party commercial vetting inspection carried out by RightShip to assess a vessel’s safety, environmental performance, and operational standards. It is not a statutory inspection like PSC — it is mainly required by charterers and cargo owners . Purpose Reduce maritime risk Ensure high safety standards Prevent pollution Evaluate vessel suitability before charter Who Requires It? Major charterers (miners, oil majors, commodity traders) Cargo owners before fixing vessel 👉 Without good RightShip rating, ship may not get charter. What is Checked During Inspection? 📘 Documentation Class certificates ISM compliance Crew certification Maintenance records Incident history ⚙️ Physical Inspection Engine room condition Housekeeping standards Safety equipment Pollution prevention measures PMS implementation RightShip Risk Rating (RRR) Vessels are graded based on: Age Casualty history Flag p...

The Nairobi International Convention on the Removal of Wrecks clearly states: ✅ The Registered Shipowner is liable to pay for wreck removal. Key Points 1️⃣ Liability The registered owner of the ship at the time of the maritime casualty is responsible. Liability includes: Locating the wreck Marking the wreck Removing the wreck Preventing hazards to navigation and environment 2️⃣ Compulsory Insurance Ships of 300 GT and above must have: Wreck removal insurance Certificate carried onboard Insurance is usually provided by P&I Clubs . 3️⃣ Direct Action The affected State can claim directly from the insurer. Even if the shipowner cannot pay, the insurer is liable up to the limit. 4️⃣ Limitation of Liability Shipowner can limit liability under: Convention on Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims (LLMC 1976, as amended) Under the Nairobi Convention 2007, the registered shipowner is strictly liable for wreck removal c...