Green Ammonia is ammonia (NH₃) produced without fossil fuels, using renewable energy, making it a near zero-carbon marine fuel.
How Green Ammonia is Produced
1️⃣ Renewable electricity (solar, wind, hydro)
2️⃣ Water electrolysis → Green hydrogen
3️⃣ Nitrogen extracted from air
4️⃣ Hydrogen + Nitrogen → Ammonia (NH₃) via Haber–Bosch process
👉 No CO₂ emissions during production.
Why It Is Important for Shipping
Driven by decarbonization targets of the International Maritime Organization
Advantages
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Zero CO₂ emissions at point of use
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Carbon-free fuel
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Suitable for long-distance shipping
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Easier storage than hydrogen (liquid at −33°C)
Comparison with Other Ammonia Types
| Type | Production Method | CO₂ Emissions |
|---|---|---|
| Grey Ammonia | Fossil fuel | High |
| Blue Ammonia | Fossil fuel + CCS | Low |
| Green Ammonia | Renewable energy | Zero |
Challenges in Marine Use
⚠️ Highly toxic
⚠️ Requires special fuel systems
⚠️ Lower energy density than HFO
⚠️ NOx emissions need control
⚠️ Limited global bunkering infrastructure
Engine & Safety Considerations
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Ammonia-ready or dual-fuel engines
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Double-walled fuel piping
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Gas detection & ventilation
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Emergency shutdown systems
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Crew training & PPE
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